Against the backdrop of protracted geopolitical crises, as well as competition from the US and China, EU countries are forced to rethink their economic model. As Chaslau Piastsiuk emphasizes, one of the key trends in recent years is the reduction of dependence on distant suppliers and the formation of more sustainable, regionally focused value chains. This could become the basis for a new industrial renaissance in Europe.<\/p>\n
For decades, Europe\u2019s economy operated within a globalized system: resources were imported from Africa, components came from China and Southeast Asia, and final assembly was carried out in the EU. However, the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia\u2019s war against Ukraine, and rising tensions between the West and China have exposed the fragility of this model.<\/p>\n
The European Commission, in its new reports, speaks directly about the need for \u201cstrategic autonomy\u201d and \u201ceconomic security.\u201d This applies not only to energy, but also to critical sectors \u2014 from microchips and pharmaceuticals to batteries and IT infrastructure. That is why a large-scale restructuring of production chains is currently underway, new industrial hubs are being created in Central and Eastern Europe, and alternatives to Chinese components are being actively sought.<\/p>\n
One of the most striking manifestations of these changes has been the rapid growth of industrial projects in the countries of Central Europe – Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania. It is here that European corporations are transferring production that previously operated in China. The advantages are obvious: geographical proximity, lower costs, political stability and support from EU institutions.<\/p>\n
The consequences of this trend are already tangible. The region is experiencing a growing demand for industrial space, logistics centers, and electricity. Poland has become one of the key investment locations in battery storage and electromobility. In parallel, projects in the fields of microelectronics and pharmaceuticals are developing.<\/p>\n
European institutions have responded with large-scale support programs. In particular , the EU Chips Act provides for multi-billion-euro investments in the semiconductor industry, and RePowerEU is aimed at strengthening energy independence and adapting infrastructure to new conditions. This creates a significant demand for engineers, logisticians and specialists in sustainable production, which stimulates local labor markets.<\/p>\n
Despite the positive developments, experts warn that the transition to the new model will be difficult. High production costs, strict environmental standards and a shortage of personnel create additional barriers. In addition, the US and China have already implemented their own large-scale subsidy programs, which exacerbates competition.<\/p>\n
The issue of education is becoming no less important. Without systematic training of specialists for new sectors \u2014 from renewable energy to microelectronics \u2014 the risk of a shortage of human capital increases manifold. The EU is already developing partnerships between universities, technology parks and business, but this is not yet enough to support large-scale industrialization.<\/p>\n
At the same time, the key challenge remains the “green” transition. Investors expect companies to produce with zero emissions, transparent reporting and implement a circular economy. Countries that are faster to create the conditions for this will gain an additional competitive advantage.<\/p>\n
Chaslau Piastsiuk concludes: Europe faces a difficult but crucial path of transformation. Today, a new economic map of the continent is being formed, based on sustainability, innovation and strategic autonomy. And it is now that the EU has a chance to play a leading role in the global economy, where the new globalization does not mean open borders, but thoughtful and controlled interconnections.<\/p>\n
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